Education either functions as an instrument which is used to
facilitate integration of the younger generation into the logic of the
present system and bring about conformity or it becomes the practice of
freedom, the means by which men and women deal critically and creatively
with reality and discover how to participate in the transformation of
their world. (Paulo Freire)
I
see too many public service commercials-today-exhorting us to support
the Performing and Fine Arts in public education. We, as a nation, have
evidently become so low-brow, or unsophisticated, that we can no longer
see the need for Art education in our schools. So now, we have our
children pleading with us, on television commercials, to keep Art
education alive. This is a sad state of affairs for us and our children,
because art is what truly separates us from the beasts and allows us to
rise above the mundane drudgery of life. As many others, I believe art
should be at the center of education and not just because it's good for
us. Art stimulates a child's cognitive and affective domains, as well as
their motor skills, which leads to learning, discovery, creativity and
motivation.
Academics are very important, of course, but too often
they only stimulate a very small portion of the student's mind and
heart. There are three, basic domains of learning: the Cognitive (mind),
Affective (emotions or feelings) and Motor-Skills (hands-on). These
three domains are key to our thinking/reasoning, learning, problem
solving and creating. A healthy mind (Cognitive) is capable of taking
in, retaining and processing information, which can then be applied, if
retained and used, to the individual's life. Emotions and feelings
(Affective) are closely connected to an individual's learning, because
they aid in retaining and applying information, as well as stimulating
the desire to learn more. Seeing, hearing, speaking, the ability to
write, walk and run are all part of the individual's Motor-skills.
Without these three domains, learning, needless to say, would be
impossible. Reading, writing, math and the sciences stimulate the
cognitive and motor skills domains quite effectively, but the affective
is too often short changed.
If we think back to our school days,
then we should be able to remember that the memorization of facts and
successfully spitting them back out on tests was our main concern as
students. This is very much a part of the learning process, and I'm not
denying that, but where does the Affective domain play a significant
part in this teaching process? In much of this way of learning the
affective is absent, and-therefore-much of the educational material,
which has just been learned, has no real application in the individual's
life and is forgotten. I remember very little about higher level math,
the periodic table and scientific jargon. Why is that? It didn't relate
to my life nor touch me in a deep way. This is not to say that I, or
anyone else, shouldn't have taken math and science classes, but what I
am saying is academics are less effective than they can be, because they
tend to ignore the Affective domain.
I contend that the Arts use
all three domains effectively, and they can-therefore-stimulate the
student to apply, as well as retain, what they've learned. Creativity is
key in this process. The Performing and Fine Arts have a distinct
advantage-educationally-in their ability to allow students to create as
they learn. In painting, students are in the process of creating at the
same time they're mixing colors and learning brush techniques. The same
applies to sculpting and photography students. Many middle and high
school music directors are-now-using computer programs to stimulate
their students to compose as they learn to play and sing. Dance and
theatre programs are examples, as well, of applying skills as their
students learn. This artistic, educational process employs the cognitive
and motor skills domains, but it also stimulates the affective. The art
student experiences the sense of joy and satisfaction that comes from
successfully learning, and then being able to immediately apply this
knowledge in a very personal way. The Arts can enhance a student's
ability to express their emotions in a very positive way. These students
have ownership of what they have learned and are able to express this
ownership through creativity. The Performing or Fine Arts student is
motivated-educationally-beyond just memorizing facts and passing tests,
because they're using their newly-acquired knowledge to express what
lies deep in their heart and mind.
Surprisingly, the arts and
sports have much in common, educationally. The basketball or football
player, as well as the long-distant runner, learn their skills while
applying them. The learning of physical techniques and immediate
application reinforces the athlete's desire to learn and perform even
more. In team sports, such as football, baseball and basketball, the
student athlete learns to work with others to produce a product, or
team. The young athlete learns that the whole, or team, is greater than
the sum of its parts, or players, as do dancers, actors, singers and
instrumentalists. As in performing ensembles, these young athletes
experience the joy that comes from accomplishing something special with
others. They learn, in a very intimate way, responsibility towards
others and that the team is dependent on the very weakest athlete, as
well as the strongest and most gifted. There's really very little
difference between a football player and a band member, when it comes to
being responsible and understanding that it takes everyone-involved-to
be successful. This is such a valuable and wonderful lesson, and it is
learned primarily, through the affective domain.
Educational
collaboration between artistic disciplines is a great way for young
artists to learn while they create. The pairing of young
instrumentalists with dancers and visual artists, or actors with
singers, can open up a whole new world of artistic exploration,
discovery and creativity. These collaborations can become a great
vehicle for learning and motivation, as any arts teacher who has
experienced this process will testify. The educational process becomes
more important than the outcome, or testing results, because it is in
the process of exploration, discovery and creativity where learning
really occurs. The educational outcome is secondary, because it is only
used, in this case, to measure curricular goals. The motivation for and
enjoying of learning comes through the process of collaboration,
exploration, discovery and creating.
In academia, the
emphasis-today-is placed more on the outcome, or testing and grades,
which, in my estimation, is a huge mistake. Academic instructors could
learn much from their counterparts in the arts. The government and its
politically motivated, educational policies, of course, stands in the
way of any successful, corrective change to academic teaching methods.
Political agendas, such as, "No child left behind" are meaningless and
worthless to students and teachers, because they're not concerned, as
they so hypocritically claim, with the success of the individual
learner. Instead, these agendas are merely an attempt to soothe the
fevered brows of unsatisfied constituents.
I will agree with
academic teachers that their process seems to be more set in stone than
with the arts, and the only real way they can measure educational
outcomes is through testing. There has to be a way-however-to allow a
math, science, English or history student to become more involved in the
process of learning. English teachers have a distinct advantage, since
they could use writing essays and poems to instill a sense of ownership
in their students. Their students-then-could use their essays and poems
to collaborate with young composers, actors and dancers, as an example.
Even though it would be difficult, science, language and math teachers
could also seek these same avenues for educational exploration,
discovery and creativity, which would-then-hopefully-lead to a student's
retention/application, ownership and motivation. This, of course, will
be impossible, as long as we allow our government to force academic
teachers to teach-solely-towards the outcome, or "standardized" testing.
American
students, every year, fall farther behind their counterparts around the
world, academically and intellectually, while their parents and
teachers continue to buy into the educational propaganda, which is
spewed out by the American-political machine in Washington. Every year,
Art education becomes less and less important in our schools, because of
it's effectiveness in producing students who can think, reason,
question, learn and create. Realistically speaking, Art education may be
perceived as a threat to those who run this country and desire a race
of middle-class, mindless, unquestioning and unsophisticated robots.
Education
is the responsibility of the parents first and foremost, and if parents
aren't capable or willing to fight for their children's education, then
I guess America is doomed. If I were a parent-today-there would be no
way I could allow my child to be intellectually molested by our current,
public-education system. My child would either be home-schooled, at
best, or in a private education system.
The Roman Empire was one
of the greatest and long lasting nations in the history of the world,
and yet, as the Roman government declined, then so did its human values
and arts. There is only one piece of music remaining, one mere fragment,
after one thousand years of Roman culture. Rome literally disintegrated
from within, because of a corrupt government and decaying society. The
United States is less than two-hundred and fifty years old, and we're
already starting the lingering slide into governmental corruption,
cultural ignorance and decay. Perhaps, it's too late to save our
society, but if it isn't, then it's time to start rebuilding what we
have allowed to be torn down for the last one-hundred and fifty years.
If it isn't too late, then we must begin to rebuild our values and
education system. Our values and education system may not have been
perfect, in the past, but they were worthy of being fixed, properly.
Most
successful, world cultures, throughout history, have been measured by
the quality of their philosophers and artists far more than their forms
of government and technological advances. If we disappear as a nation,
in another century or so, what will we be remembered for? What will be
our legacy to the world?